Java 发送邮件
使用Java应用程序发送 E-mail 十分简单,但是首先你应该在你的机器上安装 JavaMail API 和Java Activation Framework (JAF) 。
你也可以使用本站提供的下载链接:
-
JavaMail mail.jar 1.4.5
-
-
JAF(版本 1.1.1) activation.jar
下载并解压缩这些文件,在新创建的顶层目录中,您会发现这两个应用程序的一些 jar 文件。您需要把
mail.jar
和
activation.jar
文件添加到您的 CLASSPATH 中。
如果你使用第三方邮件服务器如QQ的SMTP服务器,可查看文章底部用户认证完整的实例。
发送一封简单的 E-mail
下面是一个发送简单E-mail的例子。假设你的本地主机已经连接到网络。
SendEmail.java 文件代码:
import
java
.
util
.*;
import
javax
.
mail
.*;
import
javax
.
mail
.
internet
.*;
import
javax
.
activation
.*;
public
class
SendEmail
{
public
static
void
main
(
String
[
]
args
)
{
String
to
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
from
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
host
=
"
localhost
"
;
Properties
properties
=
System
.
getProperties
(
)
;
properties
.
setProperty
(
"
mail.smtp.host
"
,
host
)
;
Session
session
=
Session
.
getDefaultInstance
(
properties
)
;
try
{
MimeMessage
message
=
new
MimeMessage
(
session
)
;
message
.
setFrom
(
new
InternetAddress
(
from
)
)
;
message
.
addRecipient
(
Message
.
RecipientType
.
TO
,
new
InternetAddress
(
to
)
)
;
message
.
setSubject
(
"
This is the Subject Line!
"
)
;
message
.
setText
(
"
This is actual message
"
)
;
Transport
.
send
(
message
)
;
System
.
out
.
println
(
"
Sent message successfully....
"
)
;
}
catch
(
MessagingException
mex
)
{
mex
.
printStackTrace
(
)
;
}
}
}
编译并运行这个程序来发送一封简单的E-mail:
$ java SendEmail
Sent message successfully....
如果你想发送一封e-mail给多个收件人,那么使用下面的方法来指定多个收件人ID:
void
addRecipients
(
Message
.
RecipientType
type
,
Address
[
]
addresses
)
throws
MessagingException
下面是对于参数的描述:
-
type:
要被设置为 TO, CC 或者 BCC,这里 CC 代表抄送、BCC 代表秘密抄送。举例:
Message.RecipientType.TO
-
addresses:
这是 email ID 的数组。在指定电子邮件 ID 时,你将需要使用 InternetAddress() 方法。
发送一封 HTML E-mail
下面是一个发送 HTML E-mail 的例子。假设你的本地主机已经连接到网络。
和上一个例子很相似,除了我们要使用 setContent() 方法来通过第二个参数为 "text/html",来设置内容来指定要发送HTML 内容。
SendHTMLEmail.java 文件代码:
import
java
.
util
.*;
import
javax
.
mail
.*;
import
javax
.
mail
.
internet
.*;
import
javax
.
activation
.*;
public
class
SendHTMLEmail
{
public
static
void
main
(
String
[
]
args
)
{
String
to
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
from
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
host
=
"
localhost
"
;
Properties
properties
=
System
.
getProperties
(
)
;
properties
.
setProperty
(
"
mail.smtp.host
"
,
host
)
;
Session
session
=
Session
.
getDefaultInstance
(
properties
)
;
try
{
MimeMessage
message
=
new
MimeMessage
(
session
)
;
message
.
setFrom
(
new
InternetAddress
(
from
)
)
;
message
.
addRecipient
(
Message
.
RecipientType
.
TO
,
new
InternetAddress
(
to
)
)
;
message
.
setSubject
(
"
This is the Subject Line!
"
)
;
message
.
setContent
(
"
<h1>This is actual message</h1>
"
,
"
text/html
"
)
;
Transport
.
send
(
message
)
;
System
.
out
.
println
(
"
Sent message successfully....
"
)
;
}
catch
(
MessagingException
mex
)
{
mex
.
printStackTrace
(
)
;
}
}
}
编译并运行此程序来发送HTML e-mail:
$ java SendHTMLEmail
Sent message successfully....
发送带有附件的 E-mail
下面是一个发送带有附件的 E-mail的例子。假设你的本地主机已经连接到网络。
SendFileEmail.java 文件代码:
import
java
.
util
.*;
import
javax
.
mail
.*;
import
javax
.
mail
.
internet
.*;
import
javax
.
activation
.*;
public
class
SendFileEmail
{
public
static
void
main
(
String
[
]
args
)
{
String
to
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
from
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
host
=
"
localhost
"
;
Properties
properties
=
System
.
getProperties
(
)
;
properties
.
setProperty
(
"
mail.smtp.host
"
,
host
)
;
Session
session
=
Session
.
getDefaultInstance
(
properties
)
;
try
{
MimeMessage
message
=
new
MimeMessage
(
session
)
;
message
.
setFrom
(
new
InternetAddress
(
from
)
)
;
message
.
addRecipient
(
Message
.
RecipientType
.
TO
,
new
InternetAddress
(
to
)
)
;
message
.
setSubject
(
"
This is the Subject Line!
"
)
;
BodyPart
messageBodyPart
=
new
MimeBodyPart
(
)
;
messageBodyPart
.
setText
(
"
This is message body
"
)
;
Multipart
multipart
=
new
MimeMultipart
(
)
;
multipart
.
addBodyPart
(
messageBodyPart
)
;
messageBodyPart
=
new
MimeBodyPart
(
)
;
String
filename
=
"
file.txt
"
;
DataSource
source
=
new
FileDataSource
(
filename
)
;
messageBodyPart
.
setDataHandler
(
new
DataHandler
(
source
)
)
;
messageBodyPart
.
setFileName
(
filename
)
;
multipart
.
addBodyPart
(
messageBodyPart
)
;
message
.
setContent
(
multipart
)
;
Transport
.
send
(
message
)
;
System
.
out
.
println
(
"
Sent message successfully....
"
)
;
}
catch
(
MessagingException
mex
)
{
mex
.
printStackTrace
(
)
;
}
}
}
编译并运行你的程序来发送一封带有附件的邮件。
$ java SendFileEmail
Sent message successfully....
用户认证部分
如果需要提供用户名和密码给e-mail服务器来达到用户认证的目的,你可以通过如下设置来完成:
props
.
put
(
"
mail.smtp.auth
"
,
"
true
"
)
;
props
.
setProperty
(
"
mail.user
"
,
"
myuser
"
)
;
props
.
setProperty
(
"
mail.password
"
,
"
mypwd
"
)
;
e-mail其他的发送机制和上述保持一致。
需要用户名密码验证邮件发送实例:
本实例以 QQ 邮件服务器为例,你需要在登录QQ邮箱后台在"设置"=》账号中开启POP3/SMTP服务 ,如下图所示:
QQ 邮箱通过生成授权码来设置密码:
Java 代码如下:
SendEmail2.java 文件代码:
import
java
.
util
.
Properties
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
Authenticator
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
Message
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
MessagingException
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
PasswordAuthentication
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
Session
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
Transport
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
internet
.
InternetAddress
;
import
javax
.
mail
.
internet
.
MimeMessage
;
public
class
SendEmail2
{
public
static
void
main
(
String
[
]
args
)
{
String
to
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
from
=
"
[email protected]
"
;
String
host
=
"
smtp.qq.com
"
;
Properties
properties
=
System
.
getProperties
(
)
;
properties
.
setProperty
(
"
mail.smtp.host
"
,
host
)
;
properties
.
put
(
"
mail.smtp.auth
"
,
"
true
"
)
;
Session
session
=
Session
.
getDefaultInstance
(
properties
,
new
Authenticator
(
)
{
public
PasswordAuthentication
getPasswordAuthentication
(
)
{
return
new
PasswordAuthentication
(
"
[email protected]
"
,
"
qq邮箱授权码
"
)
;
}
}
)
;
try
{
MimeMessage
message
=
new
MimeMessage
(
session
)
;
message
.
setFrom
(
new
InternetAddress
(
from
)
)
;
message
.
addRecipient
(
Message
.
RecipientType
.
TO
,
new
InternetAddress
(
to
)
)
;
message
.
setSubject
(
"
This is the Subject Line!
"
)
;
message
.
setText
(
"
This is actual message
"
)
;
Transport
.
send
(
message
)
;
System
.
out
.
println
(
"
Sent message successfully....from yssmx.com
"
)
;
}
catch
(
MessagingException
mex
)
{
mex
.
printStackTrace
(
)
;
}
}
}