Bootstrap
导航栏
导航栏是一个很好的功能，是 Bootstrap 网站的一个突出特点。导航栏在您的应用或网站中作为导航页头的响应式基础组件。导航栏在移动设备的视图中是折叠的，随着可用视口宽度的增加，导航栏也会水平展开。在 Bootstrap 导航栏的核心中，导航栏包括了站点名称和基本的导航定义样式。
默认的导航栏
创建一个默认的导航栏的步骤如下：
-
向 <nav> 标签添加 class
.navbar、.navbar-default
。
-
向上面的元素添加
role="navigation"
，有助于增加可访问性。
-
向 <div> 元素添加一个标题 class
.navbar-header
，内部包含了带有 class
navbar-brand
的 <a> 元素。这会让文本看起来更大一号。
-
为了向导航栏添加链接，只需要简单地添加带有 class
.nav、.navbar-nav
的无序列表即可。
下面的实例演示了这点：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
active
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
响应式的导航栏
为了给导航栏添加响应式特性，您要折叠的内容必须包裹在带有 class
.collapse、.navbar-collapse
的 <div> 中。折叠起来的导航栏实际上是一个带有 class
.navbar-toggle
及两个 data- 元素的按钮。第一个是
data-toggle
，用于告诉 JavaScript 需要对按钮做什么，第二个是
data-target
，指示要切换到哪一个元素。三个带有 class
.icon-bar
的 <span> 创建所谓的汉堡按钮。这些会切换为
.nav-collapse
<div> 中的元素。为了实现以上这些功能，您必须包含
Bootstrap 折叠（Collapse）插件
。
下面的实例演示了这点：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
button
type
=
"
button
"
class
=
"
navbar-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
collapse
"
data-target
=
"
#example-navbar-collapse
"
>
<
span
class
=
"
sr-only
"
>
切换导航
</
span
>
<
span
class
=
"
icon-bar
"
>
</
span
>
<
span
class
=
"
icon-bar
"
>
</
span
>
<
span
class
=
"
icon-bar
"
>
</
span
>
</
button
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
class
=
"
collapse navbar-collapse
"
id
=
"
example-navbar-collapse
"
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
active
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
导航栏中的表单
导航栏中的表单不是使用
Bootstrap 表单
章节中所讲到的默认的 class，它是使用
.navbar-form
class。这确保了表单适当的垂直对齐和在较窄的视口中折叠的行为。使用对齐方式选项（这将在组件对齐方式部分进行详细讲解）来决定导航栏中的内容放置在哪里。
下面的实例演示了这点：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
form
class
=
"
navbar-form navbar-left
"
role
=
"
search
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
form-group
"
>
<
input
type
=
"
text
"
class
=
"
form-control
"
placeholder
=
"
Search
"
>
</
div
>
<
button
type
=
"
submit
"
class
=
"
btn btn-default
"
>
提交
</
button
>
</
form
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
导航栏中的按钮
您可以使用 class
.navbar-btn
向不在 <form> 中的 <button> 元素添加按钮，按钮在导航栏上垂直居中。
.navbar-btn
可被使用在 <a> 和 <input> 元素上。
不要在
.navbar-nav
内的 <a> 元素上使用
.navbar-btn
，因为它不是标准的
button class
。
下面的实例演示了这点：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
form
class
=
"
navbar-form navbar-left
"
role
=
"
search
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
form-group
"
>
<
input
type
=
"
text
"
class
=
"
form-control
"
placeholder
=
"
Search
"
>
</
div
>
<
button
type
=
"
submit
"
class
=
"
btn btn-default
"
>
提交按钮
</
button
>
</
form
>
<
button
type
=
"
button
"
class
=
"
btn btn-default navbar-btn
"
>
导航栏按钮
</
button
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
导航栏中的文本
如果需要在导航中包含文本字符串，请使用 class
.navbar-text
。这通常与 <p> 标签一起使用，确保适当的前导和颜色。下面的实例演示了这点：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
p
class
=
"
navbar-text
"
>
yssmx 用户登录
</
p
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
结合图标的导航链接
如果您想在常规的导航栏导航组件内使用图标，那么请使用 class
glyphicon glyphicon-*
来设置图标，更多请查看
Bootstrap 图标
，如下面的实例所示：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav navbar-right
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
<
span
class
=
"
glyphicon glyphicon-user
"
>
</
span
>
注册
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
<
span
class
=
"
glyphicon glyphicon-log-in
"
>
</
span
>
登录
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
组件对齐方式
您可以使用实用工具 class
.navbar-left
或
.navbar-right
向左或向右对齐导航栏中的
导航链接、表单、按钮或文本
这些组件。这两个 class 都会在指定的方向上添加 CSS 浮动。下面的实例演示了这点：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav navbar-left
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
<
form
class
=
"
navbar-form navbar-left
"
role
=
"
search
"
>
<
button
type
=
"
submit
"
class
=
"
btn btn-default
"
>
向左对齐-提交按钮
</
button
>
</
form
>
<
p
class
=
"
navbar-text navbar-left
"
>
向左对齐-文本
</
p
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav navbar-right
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
<
form
class
=
"
navbar-form navbar-right
"
role
=
"
search
"
>
<
button
type
=
"
submit
"
class
=
"
btn btn-default
"
>
向右对齐-提交按钮
</
button
>
</
form
>
<
p
class
=
"
navbar-text navbar-right
"
>
向右对齐-文本
</
p
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
固定到顶部
Bootstrap 导航栏可以动态定位。默认情况下，它是块级元素，它是基于在 HTML 中放置的位置定位的。通过一些帮助器类，您可以把它放置在页面的顶部或者底部，或者您可以让它成为随着页面一起滚动的静态导航栏。
如果您想要让导航栏固定在页面的顶部，请向
.navbar class
添加 class
.navbar-fixed-top
。下面的实例演示了这点：
为了防止导航栏与页面主体中的其他内容的顶部相交错，请向 <body> 标签添加至少 50 像素的内边距（padding），内边距的值可以根据您的需要进行设置。
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
active
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
固定到底部
如果您想要让导航栏固定在页面的底部，请向
.navbar class
添加 class
.navbar-fixed-bottom
。下面的实例演示了这点：
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-bottom
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
active
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
静态的顶部
如需创建能随着页面一起滚动的导航栏，请添加
.navbar-static-top
class。该 class 不要求向 <body> 添加内边距（padding）。
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-default navbar-static-top
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
active
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
反色的导航栏
为了创建一个带有黑色背景白色文本的反色的导航栏，只需要简单地向
.navbar
class 添加
.navbar-inverse
class 即可，如下面的实例所示：
为了防止导航栏与页面主体中的其他内容的顶部相交错，请向 <body> 标签添加至少 50 像素的内边距（padding），内边距的值可以根据您的需要进行设置。
实例
<
nav
class
=
"
navbar navbar-inverse
"
role
=
"
navigation
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
container-fluid
"
>
<
div
class
=
"
navbar-header
"
>
<
a
class
=
"
navbar-brand
"
href
=
"
#
"
>
云搜索MX教程
</
a
>
</
div
>
<
div
>
<
ul
class
=
"
nav navbar-nav
"
>
<
li
class
=
"
active
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
iOS
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
SVN
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
dropdown
"
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
class
=
"
dropdown-toggle
"
data-toggle
=
"
dropdown
"
>
Java
<
b
class
=
"
caret
"
>
</
b
>
</
a
>
<
ul
class
=
"
dropdown-menu
"
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
jmeter
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
EJB
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
Jasper Report
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
<
li
class
=
"
divider
"
>
</
li
>
<
li
>
<
a
href
=
"
#
"
>
另一个分离的链接
</
a
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
li
>
</
ul
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
nav
>
尝试一下 »
结果如下所示：
